What is a browser. What browsers are there and how to choose it. What is an Internet browser: general concepts and work of modern browsers for novice users and webmasters

Most popular browsers

Internet Explorer site.

Mozilla Firefox is free software developed by the Mozilla Corporation. One of the most popular browsers in the world, it was he who managed to break the monopoly of Internet Explorer and get Microsoft to take over his browser. A distinctive feature is the ability to flexibly customize the appearance of the program and add new functionality using a huge number of extensions. You can download it on the home page. It is worth mentioning a close relative of Firefox, the SeaMonkey program. Having common roots, SeaMonkey, however, is a kind of combine that includes, in addition to the browser, an email client, an IRC client, an address book and tools for web developers. More details can be found here.

Opera is a very popular web browser in Russia produced by Opera Software. Starting from version 8.5 it is distributed completely free of charge. Differs in high speed of work, as well as built-in mail client, address book and IRC client, Opera Link, and widgets. Has a version for mobile devices with a significant market share. You can download it here.

Google chrome link.

Safari

Yandex browser- the search engine Yandex followed the path of Google and in October 2012 released its own browser. It cannot be called popular yet, but it is the only domestic web browser today. Yandex Browser, like Google Chrome, is based on the WebKit engine and the free Chromium browser. Yandex Browser is tightly integrated with the services of the Yandex search engine: search, translator, mail, cloud storage. Uses Turbo technology to speed up work on slow connections created by Opera Software. You can read more and download Yandex Browser here.

email hard drive

Any software has vulnerabilities that hackers are constantly looking for and then use to spread viruses, network attacks, steal confidential information from a computer, and so on. Software developers are constantly updating their programs by adding new functionality and fixing found vulnerabilities in the program code. You can find out the online version of your browser, used extensions and some other information about your device on this page.

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Are you surprised? This gibberish serves to transform data into a graphical form and provide interactivity on a web page and has nothing to do with what we usually see on a monitor. The task of the browser is to process this data in accordance with the rules of HTML and display it graphically on the monitor. You can see the source code of any document for yourself, for this you need to right-click in the web browser window and select the item "Page Source Code" or similar in meaning, the Ctrl + U key combination also works in many browsers. By the way, the first browsers were text-based, and it was the appearance of graphical browsers that gave impetus to the rapid development of the Internet.

In other words, the browser is designed to display websites, navigate between them, download files, listen to music and watch videos online, and so on. Probably one of the most frequently used programs on a computer.

Modern websites are quite complex. Although they are based on a hypertext document, HTML in its pure form is now practically not found. A symbiosis of various modern technologies is used to achieve the required result and page interactivity. Almost every site uses CSS, PHP, JavaScript, databases. The browser has to do some serious work to display the page on the computer monitor, and not all browsers handle it the same way.

Most popular browsers

Internet Explorer- is developed by Microsoft and is standard for operating systems of the Windows family. For a long time it was the most common in the world, having a share of about 95% in its best years. The flip side of such popularity was the lack of development, disregard for standards, slow speed of work and low support for new technologies. But thanks to this, alternative developments gained popularity, the share of IE dropped dramatically and Microsoft had to take up its brainchild, starting with the seventh version. Internet Explorer is now making significant headway in its development, although standards support is still not so smooth. Details on the official website.

Google chrome- developed by the company of the same name Google at the end of 2008 now ranks first in the world in popularity. It became popular quite quickly thanks to the promotion of the largest search engine in the world. The developers declare high security, speed and compliance with web standards. You can download it here.

Safari- is developed by Apple and is a standard browser for OS X and iOS operating systems. In 2007, a version for Windows OS appeared, but it did not become very popular among Windows users, and in 2012, according to unofficial information, further development of Safari for Windows was discontinued.

Everyone decides which browser to choose independently in accordance with their preferences for design, required functionality, customization options, and so on. You can install any number of web browsers in parallel on your computer and use any of them if necessary.

What is the default browser

Since several browsers can be installed on the system at the same time, the computer needs to specify which of them will be launched when opening an HTML document. For example, you have a link on your desktop to a website or you received an e-mail with a link or an ICQ message containing a link. When you click on this link, it will open in the browser that is specified by default in the system. A web page saved to your computer's hard drive will also open in your default browser. Initially, the standard browser on a Windows computer is Internet Explorer.

How to change the default browser

There are several ways to do this. First, when installing a new browser, the installer offers to make it the default browser, if this was not done right away, then you can always change it in the program settings in the future. We launch the browser we need, go to the settings (in different browsers it is located in different places) and find the item "make by default". The same can be done using the computer's operating system. In Window 7, the procedure is as follows, click Start ⇒ Control Panel ⇒ All Control Panel Items ⇒ Default Programs or Start ⇒ Control Panel ⇒ Programs ⇒ Default Programs, and then select "Set default programs" or "Match file types or protocols specific programs "and set the correspondences you need.

Why you need to update your browser

Web standards are constantly evolving, providing developers with new options for building websites. Since browsers do not 100% support these standards, it is possible that the same page will be displayed differently in different browsers. This is especially true for older versions of browsers, when standards support was particularly weak. These can be minor insignificant differences and major changes in appearance, up to the inability to properly view the page.

Therefore, there is a concept of cross-browser layout of Internet pages, which means the same display in different browsers. It is relatively easy to achieve cross-browser compatibility in modern web browsers, but the real headache comes in older versions, especially Internet Explorer. You have to write separate rules for each browser or by willful effort to ignore old versions. Site developers in each case find a way out of the situation individually. For example, this site is slightly incorrectly displayed in Internet Explorer below version 9.

The reader can tell me what I care about the problems of developers, I am only interested in the final result, but with what forces it was achieved, I do not care. This is a misleading impression, since the use of old browsers slows down the development of the entire Internet and the introduction of new features into web pages. Also, the use of rules for each browser increases traffic and page loading speed, which directly affects the end user.

The second important reason for keeping your browser up to date is security. There are many cybercriminals on the Internet who use its capabilities for personal gain.

Since the web browser is actually the door to the world wide web, you need to keep it up to date and keep it up to date. Usually people close the front door to the apartment, but for some reason they use an ancient browser with a bunch of vulnerabilities, although sometimes it is enough just to go to an infected page and your computer is already infected, and you don't even know about it yet. The fun will begin later, when they hack your e-mail, ICQ, delete all files, demand money for access to a computer, or do something else that is very unpleasant for you.

Modern browsers have the ability to automatically update and you don't have to do anything on purpose. A slightly different story with IE, since it is tightly integrated into the operating system, it is updated through Windows Update. In this regard, many are afraid to update the system, because they use an illegal copy of the operating system. Here you can advise to use legal software or install an alternative browser and use only it.

Now you know what a browser is, why you need it and how important it is to update the software installed on your computer on time.

The computer and the Internet is a browser. What is a browser? Let's immediately give the definition:

What is a browser

A browser (or Internet browser) is a program on a computer with which you can view pages of sites on the Internet, navigate between pages of sites and the sites themselves, search for information, download files, watch videos, listen to music, communicate on forums and social networks, and etc.

Thus, the browser is a serious program that allows the user to provide any interaction with Internet sites and is one of the most frequently used programs on a computer.

A browser is not a specific name for one program, but a general name for an application designed, as mentioned above, to view sites and interact with them. For example, the Internet Explorer program included with Windows is a browser called Internet Explorer.

Like most computer terms, the word "browser" has English roots and comes from the English "web-browser", which in translation means - an Internet viewer, which clearly enough speaks about its purpose.

The browser, in one form or another, is installed on any device that makes it possible to view sites on the Internet, for example, a smartphone or an ordinary cell phone. Even a modern TV with Internet connectivity has a browser.

Most popular browsers

There are a large number of browser programs, but only a few have become the most popular over time: Google Ghrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Opera, Apple Safari.

Google ghrome(Google Chrome). A browser developed by the world's largest Internet company, Google. The first beta version was released in September 2008. Today, this one has come out on top in popularity among Internet users.
Mozilla Firefox(Mozilla Firefox). Initially, it gained its popularity due to the flexibly customizable functionality with the help of installed extensions and the speed of loading pages.
Internet Explorer(Internet Explorer). It owes its popularity more to the fact that it is built into the Windows operating system and is the main page viewer by default. With the advent and development of alternative browsers, it quickly began to lose popularity and lost its leadership position.
Opera(Opera). It was developed by a small Norwegian company Telenor in 1994. Now the development of this browser is carried out by Opera Software, founded by the developers of the first version of the program. Opera was once very popular among Russian users. At the moment, it is losing popularity, losing the competition to Google Ghrome and Firefox.
Apple Safari. Browser developed by Apple for its devices running Mac OS and iOS operating systems. There is also a version of the Safari browser for the Windows operating system.

The most popular browsers according to the statistics service Stat Counter

It should be noted that it makes no sense to have all 5 browsers on the computer. If you are just mastering the Internet, then you can advise to install the considered programs (except for the existing Internet Explorer or Edge), work in them, compare the advantages and disadvantages, and, taking into account the prevailing opinion, leave some one.

Hello dear readers of the Start-Luck blog. Sometimes looking for answers to the simplest questions can reveal incredible things that a person has never thought about. We are used to just using a light bulb, microwave and vacuum cleaner.

As soon as someone opens an article about how these machines work, he goes to the next level. If a person is very interested in him, then later he becomes a pretty good electrician or a jack of all trades, for whom it is not a problem to fix anything.

Today we will talk a little about other things. We will talk about what browsers are and how they work. It is unlikely that you will ever have to fix your browser, but after this article you will not have any questions about how sites are arranged. I don't even doubt that.

How the site works

Any electronic resource is a set of files. Some are responsible for design, others for testing. They are written using special programming languages. Not all site builders understand the code, some use simple programs that themselves convert actions into code and files.

If you look at the site as browsers see it, you will see only a folder with an incomprehensible name, which will contain other files. Having opened any of them, you will not understand anything at all.

While this set of documents is on the developer's computer, readers cannot access them. They are not on the internet. They help to open the site for public viewing. Roughly speaking, they have something like large flash drives on which folders with sites are laid out.

Each folder is associated with a URL, or, in simple terms, an address. Enter it into the address bar of your browser and it will kindly guide you to the folder. This is not all that browsers do, but we'll talk about it in the next chapter.

Browser mission

As I said, there are certain programs that help users. And there are browsers that are needed in order to view the site not in the form of a folder, but in a completely familiar way without knowing the same code.

For example, a programmer says: "Here is an article, and by clicking on this phrase, a person should move to another page of my site." He enter a certain code. You do not see it, the browser understands this and immediately gives the reader a simple and familiar link with an underline.

Learning programming languages is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. Now there are a lot of simple ones that make it possible to simplify life and work on the Internet. There are no less courses that help dummies understand the intricacies of craftsmanship. For example, " WordPress 4: the practice of creating a website "Mikhail Rusakov. The lessons are very simple. At the end of the training, everyone can become a real site builder.

So, what are browsers for, we figured it out. Now let's see what they are.

Classification

Frankly speaking, it is impossible to divide browsers into types. I will not deceive you - they are all about the same. The only difference lies in the interface, sometimes the download speed and unimpressive nuances.

Today I have come across such a division more than once: Google Chrome, Yandex Browser, Opera, Mozilla. I can’t dare to separate them in this way.

Here's a simple alternative. When it comes to sausage, it can be classified by composition, price, method of preparation (smoking, boiling). There are not so many browsers and they are all about the same, so they can be divided only by manufacturer, but in my opinion, this is some kind of lousy classification.

Their working principle and mission are the same anyway. So how do people choose browsers? Basically it's an interface. All have small differences and a person quickly gets used to them. For example, by going to Yandex Browser, you are offered to read news that may seem interesting to you. It hooks users.

Some people think that the Google Chrome browser opens sites faster. I can't say how true this is. Personally, I use several browsers, and the speed of each depends on the Internet in general. Let Yandex assert about turbo modes, but if the network is overloaded in the evening and even the torrent works very slowly, then it will not work to load the page in a second.

How to choose a browser, install a few and just see which one seems most convenient to you. So that is all. Subscribe also to the newsletter to receive quality information.

Until next time and good luck.

For novice Internet users, a huge world of free information. Unlimited access to it gives people great opportunities: to study any languages and sciences, read books, communicate, etc.

However, many users are stopped by the barrier of a large number of unfamiliar terms. Words like authorization and browser look unfamiliar to newbies and can mislead that the Internet is difficult.

These seemingly complex terms have enough simple and straightforward definitions. With their help, navigating the Internet will become easier even for a beginner.

What is a browser?

The word that a novice Internet user learns first of all is a browser. It is impossible to go online without it. Simply put, a browser is special viewer.

The Internet works without a browser, but data cannot be obtained from it. It requests information on the World Wide Web, after receiving it, processes it and transmits it to the user's screen.

Developers who publish software for free use of the Internet are trying to improve web browsers and expand their functionality. Technological progress and constant competition between developers accelerates the process of improving browsers.

Main functions executed by the browser:

Opening web pages, i.e. search, receipt and processing of information requested by the user;
Downloading the necessary files: movies, games, images, music and more;
Information storage: saving browsing history, remembering passwords, the ability to save your favorite sites on the quick access panel;

In addition to the basic functions, modern Internet browsers have and a number of additional:

Change in appearance. Everyone can choose a visual theme for their browser, based on their taste.
Providing information about weather, new messages, important news, etc.
Protecting your computer from malicious software. On the Internet, you can find not only the answer to almost any question, but also malicious software. To exclude the possibility of infecting your computer via the Internet, you need to install an antivirus and an extension for a web browser.

There are many more additional applications for the browser, designed for a more comfortable user experience on the World Wide Web. Listening and downloading music, quick access to your favorite social networks and other resources - this is not a complete list of extensions that you can add to your browser.

The necessary extensions are installed using special online stores. All popular browsers have it.

Default browser

Modern software for using the Internet is usually released not only for the computer, but also for other popular platforms. Any number of browsers can be loaded on each device, however, there can be only one master.

The default browser is the browser with which all links will open provided by other installed programs.

There is several ways set the browser to be the main one:

Through browser settings. The item "Set browser as default" is in the settings of every modern browser, this is the easiest way to make the browser the main one.
Through the control panel. In all versions of Windows up to 10, there is a Programs item in the Control Panel. From it you need to go to "Programs by default", then "Setting programs by default" and select your favorite browser as the main one.
Answer “Yes” in the pop-up dialog box asking if you want to install the default browser.

What browsers are there?

It is difficult to name all existing browsers, since there are a huge number of them. However, one can distinguish Most Popular.

Internet explorer. For many, the very first browser that I had to work with. Comes with a standard operating system.
Google chrome. Today this browser is considered the most popular in Russia and the CIS countries. Has gained popularity due to its simplicity and functionality.
Mozilla Firefox. Browser for advanced users. It has a lot of functionality, and the number of extensions offered.
Opera. The most simple and intuitive browser that has existed for over twenty years.
Yandex browser. Attribution It is a completely new browser that has already gained popularity among Internet users.

Each of the listed browsers is good for something. It is worth choosing The most convenient for yourself. You should analyze the functionality of each Internet browser and install the most suitable one.